What event in 1588 strengthened England's naval position?
The defeat of the Spanish Armada.
What is a royal charter?
A document issued by a sovereign granting rights to people.
What type of company was the Virginia Company?
A joint-stock company.
What was the Virginia Company responsible for?
Establishing an English colony in North America.
In which year was Jamestown founded by the Virginia Company?
1607
What major challenges did Jamestown settlers face early on?
Disease, hunger, and difficult living conditions
By 1619, what percentage of Jamestown's original immigrants had died?
80%
What did the Virginia Company abandon in favor of tobacco cultivation?
The search for gold
Which crop became an important source of wealth for Jamestown?
Tobacco
What did the Headright policy award to each person paying for passage to Virginia?
50 acres of land
Who were indentured servants in colonial Virginia?
Poor people who worked to pay off their passage debt
What was the House of Burgesses in Virginia?
An elected assembly governing the colony
Who were the Puritans also known as?
The Pilgrim Fathers.
What did the Puritans believe about the Church of England?
They believed it was corrupt.
When did the Mayflower reach Plymouth Rock?
In November 1620.
Where did the Mayflower reach in 1620?
Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts.
What was the Mayflower Compact?
An agreement to create and obey just and equal laws.
Who chose the government under the Mayflower Compact?
The community.
Who could vote in Plymouth's political system?
All male members of the church could vote in Plymouth.
What linked political participation to property in Virginia?
Political participation was connected to property ownership in Virginia.
How was land distributed in Plymouth?
Land was distributed through village elders in Plymouth.
What system did Virginia use to distribute land?
Virginia used the Headright system to distribute land.
What was Plymouth's economy mainly based on?
Plymouth’s economy was based mainly on small-scale farming and trade.
What type of agriculture did Virginia develop?
Virginia developed large plantations.
What natural resources did European colonization deplete?
Forests and hunting game.
How did European colonization affect Native American trade dependence?
It increased Native American dependence on trade with European settlers.
What types of relations existed between English settlers and Native Americans?
Both trade and cooperation, and conflict and warfare.
In which years did Native Americans attack Jamestown?
1622 and 1644.
What consequence did Native Americans face if they entered Jamestown after 1644?
They were banned on pain of death.
What do the Pocahontas and Thanksgiving stories symbolize in American history?
They became symbols of American history.
How are the Pocahontas and Thanksgiving stories regarded regarding historical accuracy?
They are considered partly mythical narratives.
What do the Pocahontas and Thanksgiving stories simplify?
Violent and complex relations between settlers and Native Americans.
Test your knowledge with 17 questions on English Colonization of Virginia and Massachusetts.
1. What was a major consequence of England’s defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588?
2. What was the primary function of a royal charter in England’s colonial expansion?
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