What does fauna refer to in a particular region?
The animals living in that region.
What does flora refer to in a particular region?
The plants living in that region.
What does the cultural environment consist of?
A society’s culture, heritage, and traditionally followed ways of life.
Name one element of the cultural environment.
Food.
Name another element of the cultural environment.
Religion.
Give a ritual included in the cultural environment.
Initiations.
What does the manmade environment consist of?
Everything created by people, including tourism facilities and attractions.
Name one manmade tourism attraction in South Africa.
The Palace of the Lost City.
What is the natural environment composed of?
Natural resources such as plants, animals, birds, water, and air.
What defines a species in animals or plants?
A group of similar animals or plants.
What is an example of two different species?
Chickens and ducks belong to different species.
What is a habitat?
The specific area where a plant or animal lives.
Give an example of a habitat for an animal.
Open grassland near water for the oribi antelope.
What does biodiversity mean?
The variety of life forms and natural patterns on Earth.
What is an ecosystem?
An area where groups of organisms live and interact.
Which organisms are included in an ecosystem?
Plants, animals, and bacteria.
What does the physical environment include besides the natural environment?
Climate, geographical location, features, tourism infrastructure, and manmade environment.
Which climate does the Cape region of South Africa have?
A Mediterranean climate with winter rainfall.
What type of rainfall climate does most of South Africa have outside the Cape?
A summer rainfall climate.
Name a large mountain range in South Africa's physical environment.
The Drakensberg.
What type of open plains are part of South Africa's physical environment?
The Karoo and Free State plains.
What infrastructure supports air travel in South Africa's physical environment?
Airports.
What does wildlife refer to?
Animals and birds living in the wild, not domesticated ones.
Which animals make up the Big Five?
Lion, leopard, elephant, rhinoceros, and buffalo.
What are the conservation categories for wildlife?
Extinct in the Wild, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern.
What is poaching in wildlife terms?
Illegal hunting and killing of wild animals.
How can controlled legal hunting benefit conservation?
It helps keep animal populations healthy and controlled.
What income can controlled legal hunting generate?
Income for conservation.
How much can visitors pay to shoot a lion legally?
Up to 40,000 US Dollars.
What defines mass tourism?
Many tourists visiting the same area at the same time.
What is over-consumption according to WWF?
Using resources faster than natural processes can replace them.
What is the size of Shamwari private reserve in hectares?
25,000 hectares.
Which malaria-free Big Five reserve is near Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape?
Shamwari.
How large is Madikwe reserve in hectares?
75,000 hectares.
Which malaria-free reserve was restored from farmland with local community participation?
Madikwe.
Where is Phinda reserve located near?
Northern KwaZulu-Natal coastline.
What animals is Phinda known for?
Cheetah, black rhino, suni, and red duiker.
Since when has Sabi Sabi hosted international visitors?
Since 1979.
In which wilderness area does Sabi Sabi lie?
Sabi Sand Wilderness in southwestern Kruger National Park.
What is a botanical garden?
A well-maintained park with labelled plant species from specific or global regions.
How many National Botanical Gardens does South Africa have?
Nine National Botanical Gardens.
Who manages South Africa's National Botanical Gardens?
The Conservation Gardens and Tourism division of SANBI.
Where is Kirstenbosch botanical garden located?
On the eastern slopes of Table Mountain in Cape Town.
Which is South Africa's largest botanical garden?
Kirstenbosch.
What was the first botanical garden included in a World Heritage Site?
Kirstenbosch.
In which World Heritage Site is Kirstenbosch included?
The Cape Floral Kingdom.
Who owns and manages national parks?
The national government owns and manages national parks.
Who owns and manages nature reserves?
Provincial governments own and manage nature reserves.
Who owns and manages private game farms?
Private individuals or groups own and manage private game farms.
What do national parks protect?
National parks protect large natural environments, habitats, flora, fauna, and cultural groups.
What do nature reserves protect?
Nature reserves protect naturally occurring ecosystems or particular species.
Why do private game farms protect ecosystems and habitats?
They protect them mainly for commercial purposes like legal hunting and tourism.
Do national parks and nature reserves allow hunting?
No, national parks and nature reserves do not allow hunting.
Test your knowledge with 25 questions on South African Fauna and Flora Tourism.
1. What mainly distinguishes private game farms from national parks and nature reserves?
2. Which example belongs primarily to a society’s cultural environment?
Review the complete course in the revision sheet for South African Fauna and Flora Tourism.
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