1. What is the conduction pathway in the heart?
2. Which structure acts as the heart's natural pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses?
3. During which ionic movement does Phase 0 of the cardiac action potential primarily occur?
Refractory periods — purpose?
Prevent premature contractions and re-entry arrhythmias.
Conduction pathway order?
SA node, atria, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers, ventricles.
Conduction pathway — sequence?
SA node → atria → AV node → Bundle of His → bundle branches → Purkinje fibers.
SA node — role?
Heart's natural pacemaker, initiates impulses.
Cardiac action potential — phase 2?
Plateau phase due to Ca²⁺ influx balancing K⁺ efflux.
Atrial conduction — function?
spreads electrical activity through atria.
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