Understanding Tumor Development and Management

Estratto della scheda di revisione

& Tumor Revision Sheet

1. 📌 Essentials

  • Tumor: abnormal cell proliferation within tissue; benign or malignant.
  • Benign tumors: localized, well-differentiated, regular contour.
  • Malignant tumors: invasive, poorly differentiated, irregular contour, capable of metastasis.
  • Carcinogenesis: multistep process involving initiation, promotion, progression.
  • Key genes: proto-oncogenes (promote mitosis), anti-oncogenes (suppress mitosis).
  • Mutations: activate proto-oncogenes into oncogenes; inactivate anti-oncogenes.
  • Tumor progression: hyperplasia → dysplasia → in situ → invasive → metastasis.
  • Major risk factors: environmental (smoking, chemicals, viruses, UV) and endogenous (genetics, hormones).
  • Detection tools: imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI, scintigraphy), histopathology, tumor markers.
  • Treatments: surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy.

2. 🧩 Key Structures & Components

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Anteprima del quiz

1. What is a key difference between benign and malignant tumors in terms of their macroscopic features?

2. What is a key difference between benign and malignant tumors in terms of growth pattern?

3. Which stage in carcinogenesis involves hyperplasia of mutated cells without morphological abnormalities?

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Anteprima delle flashcard

Tumor — definition?

Abnormal cell proliferation within tissue.

Tumor — definition?

Abnormal cell proliferation within tissue.

Benign vs malignant — difference?

Benign is localized; malignant is invasive and metastatic.

Benign tumors — features?

Localized, well-differentiated, regular contour.

Carcinogenesis — stages?

Initiation, promotion, progression.

Malignant tumors — features?

Invasive, poorly differentiated, irregular, metastatic.

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Domande frequenti

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