In which years did William Shakespeare live?
1564 to 1616.
Which queen was on the throne when Shakespeare wrote Julius Caesar?
Queen Elizabeth I.
When was Julius Caesar assassinated by conspirators?
On the Ides of March, 44 BC.
Who rules Rome at the beginning of *Julius Caesar*?
Julius Caesar.
What did Romans value about Caesar’s treatment of defeated enemies?
His generosity and the positions he gave some of them.
Why do Cassius and the conspirators plot to assassinate Caesar?
To prevent him from becoming too powerful.
Why does Brutus join the plot against Caesar?
He is more loyal to Rome as a republic than to Caesar as a leader.
What does Brutus argue at Caesar’s funeral about the assassination?
Caesar deserved to die because his ambition threatened the republic.
What does Mark Antony argue at Caesar’s funeral?
Caesar was a generous, good leader who should not have been killed.
What happens to Brutus and Cassius after their army is defeated?
They commit suicide rather than be captured.
What does a tragedy typically end with?
Death or destruction.
What can a tragedy release in its audience?
The audience’s emotions.
What knowledge creates dramatic irony between an audience and a character?
The audience knows something the character does not.
What is rhetoric intended to do?
Persuade an audience or reader.
What is the movement of a wave up a beach called?
Swash.
What is backwash?
Water moving back down the beach.
What distinguishes constructive waves from destructive waves?
Constructive waves have strong swash and weak backwash; destructive waves have strong backwash and weak swash.
What is the coastal landform sequence from cave onward?
Cave, arch, stack, stump.
What makes a sea wall notable among sea defences?
It is the strongest and most effective sea defence.
In which year did Martin Luther begin the Reformation with the 95 Theses?
1517.
Why did Henry VIII want to divorce his first wife?
To obtain a legitimate male heir.
What title had the Pope given Henry VIII for attacking Martin Luther’s teachings?
Defender of the Faith.
Why was Mary I called Bloody Mary?
She ordered at least 300 Protestant leaders to be burned to death.
What was a ruling queen such as Mary I or Elizabeth called?
A queen regnant.
Which Spanish phrases express opinions from love to hatred?
Me encanta(n), me gusta(n), prefiero, no me gusta(n) nada, odio, no aguanto, and no soporto.
Which Spanish phrases mean “for me” or “in my opinion”?
Para mí, a mi modo de ver, and personalmente.
Which Spanish words name common meats and fish?
El pescado, el pollo, el jamón, el cordero, el bacalao, el filete, and la carne.
Which Spanish words name seafood, eggs, cheese, and vegetables?
El queso, las gambas, el marisco, los huevos, and las verduras.
Which Spanish word means breakfast?
El desayuno.
Which Spanish meal name means lunch?
El almuerzo.
How do you ask for the bill politely in Spanish?
La cuenta, por favor.
Which Spanish phrase means “What do you recommend?”
¿Qué recomienda?
Which seven kingdoms of life does the course list?
Archaea, fungi, bacteria, chromista, animals, protists, and plants.
Which seven processes are considered life processes?
Movement, respiration, sensing, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition.
What is respiration in living organisms?
The process of releasing energy from food.
What does the cell nucleus contain and control?
It contains DNA and controls cell activities.
What does the cell membrane control?
Substances entering and leaving the cell.
What is the difference between a gene and a chromosome?
A gene is a small DNA section coding for a characteristic; a chromosome is a large DNA section containing many genes.
What shape does DNA have?
A double helix.
What are the female and male animal gametes, and what does their fusion form?
The egg cell and sperm cell fuse in fertilisation to form a zygote.
Where does fertilisation occur in mammals?
In the oviducts.
Where does a mammalian foetus develop?
In the uterus.
Which structures make up the stamen and carpel of a flower?
The stamen has an anther and filament; the carpel has a stigma, style, and ovary.
What are the four named chambers of the human heart?
The left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, and right ventricle.
What does anaerobic respiration produce in animals?
Lactic acid from glucose.
What is a pathogen?
A microorganism that causes disease.
Which protist causes malaria?
The malaria-causing protist.
How do bacteria cause disease?
They replicate rapidly and release toxins.
How do fungi spread?
By spores.
What are the four human barriers to infection listed?
Skin, nose hairs and mucus, stomach acid, and airway cilia.
How do white blood cells combat infection?
By phagocytosis and producing antibodies and antitoxins.
What happens to substances during a chemical change?
New substances are formed.
What happens to substances during a physical change?
No new substances are formed.
What type of atoms makes up an element?
One type of atom.
What are the atoms in a compound like?
Two or more different atoms are bonded together.
Which three particles are subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
How many electrons do the first three electron shells hold?
They hold 2, 8, and 8 electrons, respectively.
What did Mendeleev do for elements not yet discovered?
He left gaps for undiscovered elements.
How does the modern periodic table arrange elements?
By increasing atomic number.
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7.
What pH range do acids have?
1–6.
Which salt does hydrochloric acid form?
Chloride salts.
Which salt does sulfuric acid form?
Sulfate salts.
What products form when a metal reacts with an acid?
Salt and hydrogen.
Which method separates an insoluble solid from a liquid?
Filtration.
What does conservation of mass mean about atoms and total mass?
No atoms are lost or made, and total product mass equals total reactant mass.
What did Elizabethans admire about Caesar’s leadership?
His leadership and generosity.
What did Elizabethans disapprove of in Caesar?
His ambition and ruthlessness.
Which Roman writer inspired Shakespeare with an account of Caesar’s assassination?
Plutarch.
When is Caesar warned to beware the Ides of March?
March 15, the date of his assassination.
Where did tragedy as a dramatic genre originate?
Ancient Greece.
What does a rhetorical question expect from its audience?
No answer.
What does repetition emphasize in rhetoric?
Ideas.
What does coastal erosion mean?
The wearing away of material.
What does coastal transportation mean?
The movement of material.
Where do flood plains occur along a river?
In the lower course.
What title did Henry VIII receive after taking control of the English Church?
Supreme Head.
Who was Henry VIII’s third child, and what did he become?
Edward, who became King Edward VI.
What two ideas are associated with Elizabeth’s reign?
It is sometimes called a Golden Age, and some English Catholics wished to replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots.
Which Spanish adjectives describe food as tasty, healthy, or unhealthy?
Rico/a, sabroso/a, sano/a, and malsano/a.
Which Spanish adjectives describe food as spicy, disgusting, or tough?
Picante, asqueroso/a, and duro/a.
Which Spanish adjectives mean delicious, bitter, sweet, and salty?
Delicioso/a, amargo, dulce, and salado.
What do comer, beber, desayunar, almorzar, and cenar mean?
To eat, drink, have breakfast, have lunch, and have dinner.
Which Spanish phrase means “the day before yesterday”?
Anteayer.
Which Spanish phrase means “last year”?
El año pasado.
Which Spanish word means waiter?
El camarero.
Which Spanish word means main course?
El plato principal.
What causes puberty?
Sex hormones.
On which day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?
Day 14.
Which four components make up blood?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets.
What do the coronary arteries supply to the heart muscles?
Oxygen.
What is fermentation used to make bread and alcoholic drinks do?
Fermentation makes bread rise and produces alcoholic drinks.
What raises an acid’s pH to 7 during neutralisation?
Adding an alkali.
Answer 50 questions on Shakespeare and Year 8 Knowledge.
1. Which monarch was on the English throne when Shakespeare wrote Julius Caesar?
2. Which Roman writer inspired Shakespeare with an account of Julius Caesar’s assassination?
Go over the full study guide for Shakespeare and Year 8 Knowledge.
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