📌 In an aldehyde the carbonyl carbon is bonded to a carbon and a hydrogen, whereas in a ketone it is bonded to two carbon atoms.
1. Which structural feature defines a carbonyl group?
2. A compound has a carbonyl carbon bonded to one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom. How is the compound classified?
3. In a polar carbonyl group, which behavior is expected when a nucleophile approaches?
What bond defines the carbonyl group?
A carbon–oxygen double bond, >C=O.
Which atoms are bonded to an aldehyde carbonyl carbon?
One carbon atom and one hydrogen atom.
Which atoms are bonded to a ketone carbonyl carbon?
Two carbon atoms.
Why is the carbonyl bond polar?
Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon.
What are the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites in a carbonyl group?
The carbonyl carbon is electrophilic, and the oxygen is nucleophilic.
How are open-chain aliphatic aldehydes named from their corresponding alkanes?
Replace the alkane ending -e with -al.
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