Flashcards: Fundamentals of Living Organisms — 16 cards

Characteristics of living organisms

Carry out nutrition, respiration, excretion, sensitivity, movement, control, reproduction, growth.

Cell structure — role?

Organelles perform specific functions within the cell.

Biological molecules — types?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins.

Diffusion — process?

Particles move from high to low concentration without energy.

Active transport — mechanism?

Moves substances against concentration gradient using energy.

Gas exchange in alveoli

Oxygen diffuses in, carbon dioxide diffuses out.

Transport system — function?

Move substances within organisms efficiently.

Homeostasis — purpose?

Maintain stable internal conditions.

Reproduction types

Sexual involves two parents; asexual involves one.

Genetic inheritance — basis?

Genes on chromosomes determine traits.

Population — definition?

Individuals of same species in area.

Ecosystem — components?

Community plus physical environment.

Abiotic factor — example?

Light, temperature, water.

Selective breeding — goal?

Enhance desired traits in plants and animals.

Genetic modification — method?

Transfer genes between species using enzymes.

Viruses — key fact?

Not living; reproduce inside host cells.