Flashcards: Fundamentals of Matter and Atomic Structure — 20 cards

States of Matter — definition?

Different forms matter can take, like solid, liquid, gas.

Solid — particle arrangement?

Particles tightly packed in fixed positions.

Liquid — shape?

Takes shape of container, definite volume.

Gas — particle spacing?

Particles widely spaced, move freely.

Change of State — involves?

Energy transfer without chemical change.

Kinetic Energy — increase during?

Heating, particles move faster.

Potential Energy — increases during?

Phase changes like melting or boiling.

Phase Transition — example?

Melting, boiling, condensation.

Physical Change — example?

Melting ice, boiling water.

Atoms — basic unit?

Building block of matter, nucleus + electrons.

Protons — charge?

Positively charged in nucleus.

Electrons — location?

Surround nucleus in electron cloud.

Atomic Number — equals?

Number of protons in atom.

Periodic Table — organizes?

Elements by increasing atomic number.

Matter — types?

Pure substances and mixtures.

Pure Substance — example?

Element or compound with uniform composition.

Mixture — example?

Physical blend of substances, separable.

Molecular Structure — composed of?

Atoms bonded covalently.

Lattice Structure — found in?

Crystalline solids with regular atomic pattern.

Elements — made of?

Only one type of atom.