★ Must-know
Further detail
1. How is a semiconductor classified by its electrical conductivity?
2. Which energy band is the highest range filled with electrons at 0 K?
3. Which description correctly compares the band gaps of conductors, semiconductors, and insulators?
What defines a semiconductor’s electrical conductivity relative to conductors and insulators?
It lies between that of conductors and insulators.
Which electron-energy range is filled at 0 K?
The valence band.
What band-gap size characterizes insulators?
About 6 eV or greater than 5 eV.
What are the band gaps of silicon and germanium?
Silicon has a gap of 1.1 eV; germanium has a gap of 0.66 eV.
What band structure characterizes conductors?
Their valence and conduction bands overlap, giving an approximately zero gap.
What distinguishes an intrinsic semiconductor from an extrinsic semiconductor?
An intrinsic semiconductor is pure; an extrinsic semiconductor is doped with impurities to control conductivity.
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