Flashcards: Understanding Isomerism in Chemistry — 20 cards

Optical isomerism — definition?

Molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images.

Enantiomers — also called?

Optical isomers.

Optical activity — property?

Rotates plane-polarized light.

Chirality — molecules lacking?

Internal plane of symmetry.

Optical isomers — rotate light?

In opposite directions.

Measurement tool for optical activity?

Polarimeter.

Optical activity — measured by?

Angle of rotation.

Geometric isomerism — arises from?

Restricted rotation around bonds.

Cis-isomer — groups?

On same side.

Trans-isomer — groups?

On opposite sides.

Geometric isomerism — affects?

Physical and chemical properties.

Coordination compounds — consist of?

Central metal and ligands.

Ligands — donate?

Electron pairs.

Coordination number — indicates?

Number of ligand bonds.

Chirality in complexes — caused by?

Asymmetric ligand arrangements.

Cis-trans in complexes — significance?

Influences physical properties.

Optical activity measurement — uses?

Polarimeter.

Ligand types — include?

Monodentate, bidentate, multidentate.

Optical isomers in nature — examples?

Amino acids and sugars.

Applications of isomerism — include?

Drug design, materials, stereochemistry.