Cuestionario: Basic Anatomy and Emergency Procedures — 22 preguntas

Question 1

1. Under START triage, how should a patient be tagged if respirations are greater than 30 per minute?

Immediate, red

Deceased, black

Delayed, yellow

Minor, green

Explicación

Respirations greater than 30 per minute are an IMMEDIATE, red finding in START triage. A patient who is not breathing after the airway is opened is tagged black.

Answer

Immediate, red

Question 2

2. Why should a patient’s medication history and contraindications be reviewed before giving an EMS medication?

To decide whether the patient needs oxygen instead

To confirm the drug will not conflict with allergies or other risks

To determine the patient’s blood type

To replace the need for a patient assessment

Explicación

Medication review helps identify contraindications such as allergies, bleeding risks, or other conditions that could make a medication unsafe. It does not replace a full assessment.

Answer

To confirm the drug will not conflict with allergies or other risks

Question 3

3. Which anatomic position is described as lying with the feet higher than the head?

Supine

Trendelenburg

Fowlers

Prone

Explicación

Trendelenburg position places the feet higher than the head and is used for shock positioning. Fowler's instead means sitting with the head elevated.

Answer

Trendelenburg

Question 4

4. Which directional term means toward the body’s middle line?

Distal

Lateral

Medial

Superior

Explicación

Medial means toward the midline of the body. Lateral means away from the midline, so it is the opposite.

Answer

A WREMAC approved refusal form

Answer

Circulation, motor, and sensation are present in all four extremities

Answer

Assess respirations

Answer

When the patient has prescribed tablets for chest pain

Answer

It relaxes blood vessels and reduces the heart’s workload

Answer

Check that the area is safe

Answer

Farther from the point of attachment

Answer

Whether both arms move equally when held out for about 10 seconds

Answer

One side of the face moves less than the other

Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Systolic blood pressure below 120 mmHg

Answer

Place the patient in a recovery position

Answer

The patient took aspirin in the last 24 hours

Answer

Whether both arms remain level for about 10 seconds

Answer

To move less-injured people to a set evaluation area

Answer

The run is cancelled before arriving on scene

Question 5

5. When a patient refuses transport, what must be included on the PCR in addition to the usual patient-contact documentation?

Just the disposition code and call location

Only the dispatch information and crew names

A WREMAC approved refusal form

A separate incident report with no patient details

Explicación

A refusal requires all patient-contact required elements plus a WREMAC approved refusal form. The other options omit required content or replace it with incomplete documentation.

Question 6

6. What does CMS x4 indicate in an EMS assessment?

Circulation, motor, and sensation are present in all four extremities

Consciousness is minimal and speech is slurred

Chest movement and sweating are present in four areas

Capillary refill and pulse are absent in all limbs

Explicación

CMS x4 means circulation, motor, and sensation are present in all four extremities. It is used to document intact function in each limb.

Question 7

7. In the START triage system, what should be done first when approaching a patient?

Check capillary refill

Assess respirations

Check mental status

Assign a tag color immediately

Explicación

START begins with respirations, then perfusion, then mental status. The tag color is based on those findings, not before them.

Question 8

8. When is nitroglycerin indicated for a patient with chest pain?

Only after the patient drinks water

When the patient has prescribed tablets for chest pain

Only when the patient has a known aspirin allergy

Whenever the patient reports any headache

Explicación

Nitroglycerin is indicated for chest pain when it has been prescribed for the patient. It is not a routine treatment for headache or allergy-related symptoms.

Question 9

9. What is a primary action of nitroglycerin in chest pain care?

It raises blood sugar quickly

It dissolves clots inside the arteries

It relaxes blood vessels and reduces the heart’s workload

It reverses shortness of breath immediately

Explicación

Nitroglycerin works by relaxing blood vessels, which decreases the heart’s workload. It does not dissolve clots or raise blood sugar.

Question 10

10. What is the first step in scene assessment before patient care begins?

Begin the trauma survey at the feet

Check that the area is safe

Start packaging the patient immediately

Move directly to the most severely injured patient

Explicación

Scene safety comes first so rescuers do not become additional patients. Only after the area is safe should assessment and treatment begin.

Question 11

11. What does the term distal describe in anatomy?

Farther from the point of attachment

Above another structure

Closer to the point where a limb joins the body

Toward the front of the body

Explicación

Distal means farther from the point of attachment or toward the end of a limb. Proximal is the opposite, meaning closer to where a limb joins the body.

Question 12

12. During a stroke screening, what does the arm drift test check?

Whether the patient can name simple objects correctly

Whether both arms move equally when held out for about 10 seconds

Whether the patient can walk in a straight line

Whether the pupils are equal and reactive to light

Explicación

The arm drift test looks for unequal arm movement when both arms are held out for about 10 seconds. A drifting or dropping arm is abnormal.

Question 13

13. Which stroke screening finding is considered abnormal during the face check?

The patient can smile without effort

Both sides of the face move equally

One side of the face moves less than the other

The patient can wrinkle both eyebrows evenly

Explicación

Unequal facial movement suggests a stroke finding, while equal movement on both sides is normal. The other choices describe normal facial motion.

Question 14

14. What does the abbreviation SOB mean in patient documentation?

Sinus rhythm only

Shortness of breath

Stroke observation briefing

Signs of bleeding

Explicación

SOB stands for shortness of breath and refers to a breathing complaint. It is not a cardiovascular rhythm term.

Question 15

15. Before giving nitroglycerin, what finding should make you withhold the medication?

A pulse rate that is easy to count

Systolic blood pressure below 120 mmHg

A history of prescribed tablets

A complaint of chest discomfort

Explicación

Nitroglycerin is contraindicated when systolic blood pressure is below 120 mmHg. Chest pain alone is not enough if the blood pressure is too low.

Question 16

16. Which action is part of seizure first aid after convulsions stop?

Place the patient in a recovery position

Restrain the patient’s arms and legs

Give the patient food and water immediately

Insert an object into the mouth

Explicación

Seizure first aid includes using the recovery position after convulsions cease to help protect the airway. Restraining the patient or putting anything in the mouth is not recommended.

Question 17

17. Which body position means lying face up?

Trendelenburg

Prone

Fowlers

Supine

Explicación

Supine means lying face up. Prone is face down, while Fowler's and Trendelenburg are seated or angled positions.

Question 18

18. Which situation is a contraindication to chewable aspirin for chest pain?

The patient took aspirin in the last 24 hours

The patient has shortness of breath

The patient is lying supine

The patient has a pulse rate under 100 bpm

Explicación

Aspirin is contraindicated if the patient took it in the last 24 hours, among other conditions such as allergy or bleeding risk. Shortness of breath alone is not listed as a contraindication.

Question 19

19. What does the arm drift test assess in a suspected stroke?

Whether the patient can raise only one arm above the head

Whether both arms remain level for about 10 seconds

Whether the patient can feel pain in both hands

Whether the patient can grip an object strongly

Explicación

The arm drift test checks for unequal arm movement while the arms are held out for about 10 seconds. Unequal drift or one arm falling is abnormal.

Question 20

20. What is the purpose of separating the walking wounded during a multi-patient incident?

To transport them before more critical patients

To prevent them from receiving any triage

To keep them inside the hazard area for observation

To move less-injured people to a set evaluation area

Explicación

Walking wounded separation directs less-injured people away from the immediate danger area to a specific evaluation spot. This helps triage proceed quickly and safely.

Question 21

21. Which medication is given by chewable tablet for non-traumatic chest pain when there are no contraindications?

Naloxone

Nitroglycerin

Dextrose

Aspirin

Explicación

Chewable aspirin is the medication used for non-traumatic chest pain when contraindications are absent. Nitroglycerin is used differently and is not chewed.

Question 22

22. Which PCR situation requires only the cancelled-before-arrival documentation elements rather than the full patient-contact fields?

The run is cancelled before arriving on scene

The crew completes a full patient evaluation

The patient refuses transport after assessment

The patient is transported to the hospital

Explicación

If the call is cancelled prior to arrival on scene, the PCR requires the cancelled-elements set, which is less than the full patient-contact documentation. Refusal and transport both involve more complete documentation requirements.

Cuestionario: Basic Anatomy and Emergency Procedures — 22 preguntas

Preguntas y respuestas detalladas

1. Under START triage, how should a patient be tagged if respirations are greater than 30 per minute?

2. Why should a patient’s medication history and contraindications be reviewed before giving an EMS medication?

3. Which anatomic position is described as lying with the feet higher than the head?

4. Which directional term means toward the body’s middle line?

5. When a patient refuses transport, what must be included on the PCR in addition to the usual patient-contact documentation?

6. What does CMS x4 indicate in an EMS assessment?

7. In the START triage system, what should be done first when approaching a patient?

8. When is nitroglycerin indicated for a patient with chest pain?

9. What is a primary action of nitroglycerin in chest pain care?

10. What is the first step in scene assessment before patient care begins?

11. What does the term distal describe in anatomy?

12. During a stroke screening, what does the arm drift test check?

13. Which stroke screening finding is considered abnormal during the face check?

14. What does the abbreviation SOB mean in patient documentation?

15. Before giving nitroglycerin, what finding should make you withhold the medication?

16. Which action is part of seizure first aid after convulsions stop?

17. Which body position means lying face up?

18. Which situation is a contraindication to chewable aspirin for chest pain?

19. What does the arm drift test assess in a suspected stroke?

20. What is the purpose of separating the walking wounded during a multi-patient incident?

21. Which medication is given by chewable tablet for non-traumatic chest pain when there are no contraindications?

22. Which PCR situation requires only the cancelled-before-arrival documentation elements rather than the full patient-contact fields?

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