Flashcard: Fundamentals of Respiratory Anatomy and Physiology — 23 carte

Respiration processes — main steps?

Ventilation, gas exchange, transport, cellular respiration

Nasal cavity — function?

Conditioning, filtering, humidifying inhaled air

Pharynx regions — names?

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Lower respiratory tract — components?

Trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

Larynx — key cartilage?

Thyroid cartilage (Adam’s apple)

Trachea cartilage — shape?

C-shaped rings for support and flexibility

Lung lobes — right?

Three lobes; left? Two lobes

Alveoli — primary function?

Gas exchange between air and blood

Pleural membranes — layers?

Parietal and visceral pleurae

Ventilation — driven by?

Diaphragm and intercostal muscles

Pressure changes — effect?

Create airflow from high to low pressure

Gas diffusion — occurs where?

Across the respiratory membrane

Partial pressure — role?

Determines gas movement direction and rate

Alveolar surface area?

Approximately 70 square meters

Cilia in trachea — function?

Trap and move debris out of airways

Larynx — functions?

Air passage and voice production

Bronchi — structure?

Main airways with cartilage support

Lungs — main organ of?

Respiration and gas exchange

Alveoli — number?

About 300 million in lungs

Gas exchange — driven by?

Partial pressure gradients and membrane thinness

Serous fluid in pleura?

Lubricates lung movement during breathing

Inspiration — muscles involved?

Diaphragm and external intercostals

Expiration — passive or active?

Usually passive, driven by recoil and relaxation