Flashcard: Immunology: Autoimmunity and Hypersensitivity — 20 carte

Immune system functions

Defends against pathogens, maintains tolerance.

Antigen — role?

Triggers immune response.

Antibodies — produced by?

B cells.

Macrophages — function?

Engulf pathogens, present antigens.

Cytotoxic T cells — target?

Infected or cancerous cells.

Helper T cells — role?

Coordinate immune responses.

Dendritic cells — function?

Present antigens to T cells.

Complement system — action?

Enhances immune response.

Mast cells — release?

Histamine and mediators.

Tolerance — meaning?

Self vs non-self recognition.

Hypersensitivity reactions — types?

I, II, III, IV.

Type I hypersensitivity — mediated by?

IgE and mast cells.

Type II hypersensitivity — involves?

IgG antibodies targeting cells.

Type III hypersensitivity — caused by?

Immune complex deposition.

Type IV hypersensitivity — mechanism?

T cell-mediated delayed response.

Autoimmune disorders — result from?

Loss of self-tolerance.

Examples of autoimmune diseases?

SLE, RA, MS, myasthenia gravis.

Immunodeficiency — causes?

Primary: genetic; Secondary: acquired.

HIV — genetic material?

ssRNA.

HIV enzymes?

Reverse transcriptase, integrase.