Water, Atoms, and Solutions

📋 Course Outline

1. Elements and Molecular Organization
2. Atomic Structure and Electrical Charge
3. Covalent and Ionic Bonds
4. Hydrogen Bonds and Water Properties
5. Water as a Solvent
6. Ionization, Acids, and Bases

📖 1. Elements and Molecular Organization

🔑 Key Concepts & Definitions

• Element : A kind of atom with its own characteristic properties.
• Molecule : Formed when atoms combine and make bonds with each other; it may be a small simple molecule or a large compound containing multiple elements.

★ Must-know

• Most atoms in living things are:
  • oxygen (O)
  • carbon (C)
  • hydrogen (H)
  • nitrogen (N)

Further detail

• Each water molecule is an H2O molecule made of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.

📖 2. Atomic Structure and Electrical Charge

🔑 Key Concepts & Definitions

• Subatomic particles : Atoms are made of smaller subatomic particles, including positively charged protons, negatively charged electrons, and neutrally charged neutrons.
• Ion : An atom with an electrical charge because it has gained or lost electrons.