Flashcards: Introduction to Respiratory System — 24 cartões

Respiration rate — breaths per minute?

About 15 breaths per minute at rest.

Daily lung ventilation — volume?

Approximately 10,000 liters of air.

Oxygen delivery — role?

Supplies oxygen to body cells.

CO2 removal — role?

Removes carbon dioxide from the body.

Lungs and circulatory system — cooperation?

Exchange gases to meet body needs.

Deoxygenated blood — path?

Sent from heart to lungs.

Oxygenated blood — path?

Returned to the heart after oxygenation.

Main airflow structures — order?

Nose/mouth → pharynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli.

Trachea support — structure?

Supported by cartilage rings.

Branching to alveoli — pathway?

Trachea splits into bronchi, then bronchioles, ending in alveoli.

Gas exchange site?

Occurs in alveoli and capillaries.

Alveoli walls — feature?

Thin to allow gas diffusion.

Capillaries — role?

Surround alveoli for gas exchange.

Breathing mechanics — muscle?

Diaphragm and rib cage muscles.

CO2 control — mechanism?

Breathing adjusts based on blood CO2 levels.

Respiratory system — animals?

Varies; gills in fish, lungs in mammals.

Fish gills — function?

Gas exchange using water passing over gills.

TB — main symptoms?

Fever, cough, weight loss, chest pain.

TB transmission?

Spread between people via airborne droplets.

TB diagnosis?

X-ray shows lung infection.

Asthma — airway change?

Bronchioles constrict, reducing airflow.

Inhaler — purpose?

Relieves bronchoconstriction symptoms.

Emphysema — alveoli?

Walls deteriorate, impairing gas exchange.

Smoking — effect?

Causes alveoli damage in emphysema.