Flashcards: Fundamentals of Protein Structure and Function — 14 cards

Amino acids — definition?

Organic molecules with amino and carboxyl groups.

Peptide bond — formation?

Covalent bond between amino acids via dehydration synthesis.

Protein properties — roles?

Catalysis, support, transport, regulation.

Protein levels — order?

Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary.

Fibrous proteins — example?

Collagen and keratin, structural support.

Globular proteins — example?

Hemoglobin and enzymes, soluble and functional.

DNA — structure?

Double helix with antiparallel strands.

RNA — main function?

Protein synthesis and gene regulation.

Nucleotides — components?

Nitrogenous base, sugar, phosphate group.

Base pairing — rules?

A-T (2 H-bonds), G-C (3 H-bonds); U in RNA pairs with A.

ATP — role?

Cellular energy currency.

Vitamins — types?

Water-soluble and fat-soluble.

Coenzymes — function?

Assist enzymes in catalysis.

Denaturation — effect?

Loss of protein’s native structure and function.