Neurotransmitter stages — sequence?
Synthesis, storage, release, receptor action, deactivation.
Neurochemical types — main classes?
Neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, neurohormones.
Neurohormones — travel via?
Bloodstream to distant targets.
Identifying neurochemicals — criteria?
Presynaptic presence, release upon depolarization, receptor interaction.
Small molecule neurochemicals — examples?
Acetylcholine, monoamines, amino acids, ATP.
Acetylcholine — receptors?
Nicotinic (ionotropic), muscarinic (metabotropic).
Monoamines — include?
Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, epinephrine.
Amino acid neurotransmitters — main types?
Glutamate (excitatory), GABA (inhibitory).
Neuropeptides — synthesis site?
Cell body, transported to axon terminals.
Gasotransmitters — example?
Nitric oxide (NO).
Drug actions — include?
Agonists, antagonists, reuptake inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors.
Nicotinic receptors — type?
Ionotropic, ligand-gated ion channels.
Muscarinic receptors — type?
Metabotropic, G-protein-coupled.
Dopaminergic pathways — include?
Mesostriatal, mesolimbic, mesocortical.
GABA — synthesized from?
Glutamate via GAD enzyme.
Neuropeptides — function?
Modulate neural activity via metabotropic receptors.
Oxytocin — role?
Social bonding and behaviors.
Serotonin — derived from?
Tryptophan amino acid.
Reuptake — effect?
Increases neurotransmitter in synaptic cleft.
Enzymatic degradation — role?
Breaks down neurotransmitters, terminates signals.
Answer 10 questions on Neurochemical Communication in the Nervous System.
1. What does the term 'Neurotransmitter Stages' refer to in neural communication?
2. What is the correct chronological order of the synthesis pathways for monoamines starting from their amino acid precursors?
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