Cell membrane
The cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment. It is selectively permeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while blocking others, thereby maintaining homeostasis within the cell.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the genetic material of the cell. It controls cellular activities by regulating gene expression and acts as the command center of the cell.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are the sites of cellular respiration, where energy in the form of ATP is produced by breaking down nutrients.
Endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranous tubules and sacs involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids. It exists in two forms: rough ER, which has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein synthesis; and smooth ER, which is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.
1. Which key property distinguishes mitochondria within the cell?
2. According to the course outline sequence, which biological concept was established second in the study of living organisms?
3. How does the proper functioning of the circulatory system in animals impact the organism?
Cell membrane — role?
Selective barrier maintaining homeostasis
Nucleus — function?
Contains genetic material, controls activities
Mitochondria — function?
Produce ATP via cellular respiration
Endoplasmic reticulum — role?
Synthesizes proteins and lipids
Ribosomes — function?
Site of protein synthesis
Parenchyma — role?
Photosynthesis, storage in plants
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